Everything about Halide totally explained
A
halide is a
binary compound, of which one part is a
halogen atom and the other part is an
element or
radical that's less
electronegative than the halogen, to make a
fluoride,
chloride,
bromide,
iodide, or
astatide compound. Many
salts are halides. All Group 1 metals form halides with the halogens and they're white solids.
A
halide ion is a halogen atom bearing a negative charge. The halide
anions are
fluoride (F
−),
chloride (Cl
−),
bromide (Br
−),
iodide (I
−) and
astatide (At
−). Such ions are present in all
ionic halide salts.
Halides in organic chemistry
In
organic chemistry halides represent a
functional group. Any organic compound that contains a halogen atom can be considered a halide.
Alkyl halides are organic compounds of the type R-X, containing an
alkyl group R
covalently bonded to a halogen X.
Pseudohalides resemble halides in their charge and reactivity; common examples are
azides NNN-,
isocyanate -NCO,
Isocyanide, CN-, etc.
A
chemical test for the detection of halogen in chemical substances is the
Carius halogen method.
Dihalides are commonly used in the synthesis of cyclic alkanes.
Test for Halide ions
Halide compounds such as KCl, KBr and KI can be tested with silver nitrate solution, AgNO
3. The halogen will react with Ag
+ and form a
precipitate, with colour as follow:
AgF - Yellowish Brown
AgCl - White
AgBr - Creamy (Pale Yellow)
AgI - Yellow
Halides in lighting
are used in
high-intensity discharge lamps called
metal halide lamps, such as those used in modern
street lights. These are more
energy-efficient than
mercury-vapor lamps, and have much better
colour rendition than
orange high-pressure sodium lamps. Metal halide lamps are also commonly used in greenhouses or in rainy climates to supplement natural sunlight.
HID (High-intensity discharge) lamps however, contribute highly to
light pollution. Sodium-vapor are favored for this reason.
Halide compounds
Examples of halide compounds are:
Further Information
Get more info on 'Halide'.
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